In the hydraulic analogy, accepted abounding through a wire (or resistor) is like baptize abounding through a pipe, and the voltage bead beyond the wire is like the burden bead which pushes baptize through the pipe. Conductance is proportional to how abundant breeze occurs for a accustomed pressure, and attrition is proportional to how abundant burden is appropriate to accomplish a accustomed flow. (Conductance and attrition are reciprocals.)
The voltage bead (i.e., aberration in voltage amid one ancillary and the other), not the voltage itself, is the active force blame accepted through a resistor. In hydraulics, it is similar: The burden aberration amid two abandon of a pipe, not the burden itself, determines the breeze through it. For example, there may be a ample baptize burden aloft the pipe, which tries to advance baptize bottomward through the pipe. But there may be an appropriately ample baptize burden beneath the pipe, which tries to advance baptize aback up through the pipe. If these pressures are equal, no baptize will flow. (In the angel at right, the baptize burden beneath the aqueduct is zero.)
The attrition and conductance of a wire, resistor, or added aspect is about bent by two factors: Geometry (shape) and materials.
Geometry is important because it is added difficult to advance baptize through a long, attenuated aqueduct than a wide, abbreviate pipe. In the aforementioned way, a long, attenuate chestnut wire has college attrition (lower conductance) than a short, blubbery chestnut wire.
Materials are important as well. A aqueduct abounding with beard restricts the breeze of baptize added than a apple-pie aqueduct of the aforementioned appearance and size. In a agnate way, electrons can breeze advisedly and calmly through a chestnut wire, but cannot as calmly breeze through a animate wire of the aforementioned appearance and size, and they about cannot breeze at all through an insulator like rubber, behindhand of its shape. The aberration between, copper, steel, and elastic is accompanying to their diminutive anatomy and electron configuration, and is quantified by a acreage alleged resistivity.
The voltage bead (i.e., aberration in voltage amid one ancillary and the other), not the voltage itself, is the active force blame accepted through a resistor. In hydraulics, it is similar: The burden aberration amid two abandon of a pipe, not the burden itself, determines the breeze through it. For example, there may be a ample baptize burden aloft the pipe, which tries to advance baptize bottomward through the pipe. But there may be an appropriately ample baptize burden beneath the pipe, which tries to advance baptize aback up through the pipe. If these pressures are equal, no baptize will flow. (In the angel at right, the baptize burden beneath the aqueduct is zero.)
The attrition and conductance of a wire, resistor, or added aspect is about bent by two factors: Geometry (shape) and materials.
Geometry is important because it is added difficult to advance baptize through a long, attenuated aqueduct than a wide, abbreviate pipe. In the aforementioned way, a long, attenuate chestnut wire has college attrition (lower conductance) than a short, blubbery chestnut wire.
Materials are important as well. A aqueduct abounding with beard restricts the breeze of baptize added than a apple-pie aqueduct of the aforementioned appearance and size. In a agnate way, electrons can breeze advisedly and calmly through a chestnut wire, but cannot as calmly breeze through a animate wire of the aforementioned appearance and size, and they about cannot breeze at all through an insulator like rubber, behindhand of its shape. The aberration between, copper, steel, and elastic is accompanying to their diminutive anatomy and electron configuration, and is quantified by a acreage alleged resistivity.
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